Solid Waste Treatment

In general, the first way to prevent and control solid waste pollution is to control its production, for example, gradually reform the urban fuel structure (including civil industry), control the consumption of raw materials in factories, increase the service life of products by quotas, and improve the recovery rate of waste products; The second is to carry out comprehensive utilization, treat solid wastes as resources and energy. If they cannot be used, they will be compressed and non-toxic treated to become final solid wastes, and then buried and sunk into the sea. At present, the main methods used include compaction, crushing, sorting, solidification, incineration, biological treatment, etc.

Industrial solid waste refers to solid waste generated in industrial production activities. The first category of solid waste, referred to as industrial waste, is a variety of waste residues, dust and other wastes discharged into the environment during industrial production. It can be divided into general industrial wastes (such as high furnace slag, steel slag, red mud, nonferrous metal slag, fly ash, coal slag, sulfuric acid slag, waste gypsum, desulfurization ash, carbide slag, salt mud, etc.) and industrial hazardous solid wastes, namely hazardous solid wastes.
Industrial solid waste is divided into two categories, general industrial solid waste and hazardous solid waste.
The identification of hazardous waste shall be carried out according to the following procedures:
According to the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes and the Guidelines for the Identification of Solid Wastes, determine whether the articles and substances to be identified belong to solid wastes. If they do not belong to solid wastes, they do not belong to hazardous wastes.
If it is judged to be solid waste, it shall be judged according to the National Catalogue of Hazardous Wastes. Those listed in the National Catalogue of Hazardous Wastes belong to hazardous wastes and do not need to be identified with hazardous characteristics (infectious wastes are identified according to the National Catalogue of Hazardous Wastes); Those not listed in the National Catalogue of Hazardous Wastes shall be identified according to Article 4.3.
The identification shall be conducted according to GB5085.1-GB5085.6 identification standard. Those with one or more hazardous characteristics, such as corrosivity, toxicity, flammability, reactivity, are hazardous wastes.
The competent administrative department of environmental protection under the State Council shall organize experts to identify solid wastes that are not included in the National Catalogue of Hazardous Wastes or cannot be identified according to the identification standards for hazardous wastes, but may have harmful effects on human health or the ecological environment.

Domestic waste treatment refers specifically to the treatment of solid waste generated from daily life or activities providing services for daily life, as well as the treatment of solid waste deemed as domestic waste according to laws and regulations, including the source reduction, cleaning, classified collection, storage, transportation, treatment, disposal and related management activities of domestic waste.

Construction waste is the solid waste generated during the construction, reconstruction, expansion or demolition of buildings. According to the different sources of construction waste, it can be divided into construction waste and demolition waste. As the name implies, construction waste is the solid waste generated in the construction, reconstruction or expansion projects, while demolition construction waste is the construction waste generated in the demolition of buildings.

Sludge treatment is the whole process of sludge recycling, anti-aging and harmless treatment. The higher the level of wastewater treatment, the larger the sludge residue will be, which must be treated in many ways. Unless the sewage is treated by farmland or wastewater pond, the general sewage treatment station must be equipped with sludge treatment equipment. For the intelligent sewage treatment station, the sludge treatment and treatment has become the most complicated and costly part of the software operation of the wastewater treatment system.